It does this by changing the pressure and state of the refrigerant to absorb or release heat. Final report exchange refrigeration system with steam. The compressor the condensing coil the metering device the evaporator 3. The air is adiabatically compressed, passes through a cooler, and is adiabatically expanded in an expansion engine. The illustration above is a consumers understanding of refrigeration. Inteliteks training program is designed to expose students to the various systems and real components used in refrigeration and air conditioning configurations. The problem is how to convey heat from an area of a given temperature to an area of higher temperature. Fast response to controls allows efficient use of laboratory time. In other words, refrigeration means artificial humanmade cooling. So refrigeration cycle should be known to understand the refrigeration system. The most common types of refrigeration systems use the reverserankine vaporcompression refrigeration cycle, although absorption heat pumps are used in a minority of applications. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle is a common method for transferring heat from a low temperature to a high temperature. Heat rejection from the lower cycle to the upper cycle takes place in an. Our studies, however, have shown that the only candidates available for such an application are ejector refrigeration and absorption cycle refrigeration.
Instructor trainingexperiment manual industrial refrigeration and air conditioning trainer professionals in the refrigeration and air conditioning field are in very high demand. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle is nearly 200 years old, but it does not seem ready to leave the scene any time soon. Mechanical refrigeration works by changing the the majority of. Refrigeration systems operate on a series of consecutive thermodynamic processes that form a cycle that returns the working substance to the same state. Refrigeration fundamentals heatcraft worldwide refrigeration. In the denseair cycle, the refrigerant air is drawn by a compressor from the space to be cooled. Brodheadgarrett model 9501 commercial refrigeration training unit. Refrigeration test rig consists of compressor rotary, air cooler condenser. The danfoss product range for the refrigeration and air. In this lab dichlorofluoroethane r141b was used as the refrigerant, and the mass flow rate of water coming into the evaporator and the condenser was. The most frequently used refrigeration cycle is the vapour. Thermodynamics tutorial 5 heat pumps and refrigeration on completion of this tutorial you should be able to do the following. Th movement cooling by the removal of heat the movement of heat from a place where it is notot a ted to a wanted to a.
Refrigeration cycle is the basis of all refrigeration systems. Consider a twostage cascade refrigeration system operating between the pressure limits of 0. Each stage operates on an ideal vapor compression refrigeration cycle with refrigerant4a as the working fluid. The purpose of a refrigerator is the removal of heat, called the cooling load, from a lowtemperature medium. The doubleeffect nh3h2o absorption cycle is a novel efficient and compact coupled cycle that uses the absorption heat of high temperature cycle to provide the heat for the generation process of. Describe the stages of heat theory and the principles involved in heat transfer, and recognize various components of refrigeration systems and their application. If the system was not closed, it would be using up the refrigerant by dissipating it into the surrounding media. If this is used together with the cooling, highly efficient, low energy processes are. R633 unit ozone friendly, low pressure, nontoxic working fluid allows evaporation and condensation to be seen in glass cylinders.
The refrigerant aka coolant absorbs heat from inside of your home and then pumps it outside. Study of a refrigeration unit free download as powerpoint presentation. In the past, many people ask just about this stamp album as their. Dec 01, 2016 though the air is heated and cooled in the air conditioning unit it is the refrigeration cycle using r12 refrigerant as the working fluid which is the main focus of the experiment. Students learn about pressureenthalpy charts and use them to determine the coefficient of performance cop, superheat and subcooling from the enthalpy changes. Compressor basic refrigeration cycle evaporator condenser receiver. Compressor basic refrigeration cycle evaporator condenser receiver expansion device. Vapor compression refrigeration cycleobjectivedetermining the coefficient of performance of a vapour compression refrigeration cycle. Study the various refrigeration metering devices in a vapor compression refrigeration system. Lab experiment on vapor compression refrigeration cycle experimented in chemical engineering department of bangladesh university of engineering and technology. The refrigeration cycle is a critical component of hvac systems and is governed by the principles of thermodynamics. This simple refrigeration cycle unit assists students to learn the stages of refrigeration at an entry level. While some people have viewed this method as environmentally harmful and inefficient, the cycle is still applicable in the industrial sphere.
The job of the refrigeration cycle is to remove unwanted heat from one place and discharge it into another. This is a core subject to study and understand the basic concepts to select proper refrigeration cycle and design air. Theoretical background second law of thermodynamics there are two classical statements of the second law, known as the kelvinplanck statement and. Air conditioning and refrigeration books free download.
The system evaluation manual and chiller evaluation. If playback doesnt begin shortly, try restarting your device. There are two coefficients of performance for such a cycle, one for the refrigeration effect and one for the heat pump effect. Recognize the characteristics and procedures required to service and troubleshoot rcfri gerat ion systems. The different stages in the refrigeration cycle are undergone in these physical systems. Browse and download air conditioning and refrigeration books of various titles, written by many authors and published by a number of publications for free in pdf format. Carefully inspect the unit schematic and the cycle diagram.
Performance study of refrigeration system performed by. This experiment demonstrates the principles of vapor compression refrigeration. When operating in a refrigeration cycle, an air cycle unit can also produce heat at a useful temperature. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle, step by step. Study of a refrigeration unit gas compressor refrigeration.
Jawaharlal nehru college of engineering department of mechanical engineering refrigeration and air conditioning lab manual following are the experiments include in the syllabus of refrigeration and air conditioning. Most air conditioners are airsource, split systems. The refrigeration cycle used in denseair refrigerating machines consists of two adiabatic and two isobaric processes. The refrigeration lab was conducted to gain a better understanding of the vapourcompression refrigeration cycle, and to compare the ideal cycle with the real cycle. Natural gas plants, petroleum refineries, and petrochemical plan. Refrigeration test rig consists of compressor rotary, air cooler condenser, capillary tube, evaporator coil, voltmeter, current meter, voltmeter, energy meter. This lab manual provides a platform to the students for understanding the pressure test, leak detection and charging. How an air conditioner works the refrigeration cycle.
This is the amount of heat required to turn a liquid into a gas. Before we dive in, lets get an understanding of four key concepts. One of the common refrigeration systems in use today is the vapor compression cycle. The impact of using waste heat to power vehicular air conditioning on the release of global warming effluents is substantial if applied on a nationwide basis. Refrigeration is the process of removal of heat in a space, substance, or system to lower andor maintain its temperature below the ambient one while the removed heat is rejected at a higher temperature.
Though the air is heated and cooled in the air conditioning unit it is the refrigeration cycle using r12 refrigerant as the working fluid which is the main focus of the experiment. These systems consist of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and an expansion valve. Industrial refrigeration and air conditioning trainer. Videos you watch may be added to the tvs watch history and. However, they may expect you to have a much greater indepth understanding of refrigeration to help them solve their cooling needs. Goals of lab to get acquainted with a vaporcompression refrigeration system to be able to use pressureenthalpy diagrams and tables to determine the c.
Refrigeration cycle article about refrigeration cycle by. Hvac and refrigeration system bureau of energy efficiency 74 are mandated to be phased out by 2005, and only the chlorine free zero ozone depletion hfcs would be acceptable. Your customers may not need to go beyond this simple understanding of refrigeration. The refrigeration cycle removes heat from the air and rejects it to the environment, acting as a reverse heat engine commonly called a heat pump. The refrigeration lab was conducted to gain a better understanding of the vaporcompression refrigeration cycle and to compare the ideal cycle with a real cycle. Ppt refrigeration cycles powerpoint presentation free. Download free refrigeration air conditioning technology lab manual answers website. The above figure shows the objectives of refrigerators and heat pumps. To accomplish this, the refrigerant is pumped through a closed refrigeration system. Basic refrigeration cycle nina sri maulani 121624023 tptu 2012 2.
Refrigeration cycles the vapor compression refrigeration cycle is a common method for transferring heat from a low temperature to a high temperature. This is a core subject to study and understand the basic concepts to select proper refrigeration cycle and design air conditioning system. Energy in the form of heat is removed from a lowtemperature reservoir and transferred to a hightemperature reservoir. The operating principle of the refrigeration cycle was described mathematically by sadi carnot in 1824 as a heat engine. Mahatma gandhi missions jawaharlal nehru college of. Refrigeration air conditioning technology lab manual answers. This is one of the books that many people looking for. Refrigeration cycle animation vapor compression cycle explained. Until now, only one hfc based refrigerant, hfc 4a, has been developed.
One of the common refrigeration systems in use today is. Engineering thermodynamics and heat transferexperiment 2. Sep 16, 2016 rac lab experiment mechanical engineering channel anuniverse 22 has started to stand on the shoulders of engineering giants and now, it is a place to hang out to learn the basics of mechanical. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. An air conditioner works using a thermodynamic cycle called the refrigeration cycle. Refrigeration system an overview sciencedirect topics. Vapor compression refrigeration cycle case of the heat pump the heat emitted is utilised where in the case of a refrigeration system the amount of absorbed heat is beneficial. Refrigeration cycle animation vapor compression cycle.
The vapor compression cycle is the dominant refrigeration technology, found in most refrigerators, freezers, airconditioning systems, and heat pumps. This practical background will help students to install, service and repair the refrigeration and air conditioning unit h. You may repeat the experiment by selecting another refrigerant and repeating steps 1 through 4. Refrigeration cycle demonstration unit r633 figure 1. In this lab dichlorofluoroethane r141b was used as the refrigerant, and the mass flow rate of water coming into the evaporator and the condenser was varied. Two different pressures exist in the refrigeration cycle. This is often measured at the liquids boiling point. It raises the pressure, temperature and enthalpy of the refrigerant by compressing the saturated gas, in an isentropic process, to a superheated. This cyclic process requires that work be input so that.
In this experiment, dichlorofluoroethane r141b was used as the refrigerant and the mass. A refrigeration cycle explained involves the cooling system process of refrigerators and air conditioners. Refrigeration systems refer to the different physical components that make up the total refrigeration unit. The science behind refrigeration berg chilling systems inc. Some basic refrigeration cycles are discussed here through different diagrams. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. The vapor compression cycle explained is the most common type of system used in refrigeration and air conditioning. Air cycle systems have specific advantages that apply to all potential applications. The main components there are four main components in a refrigeration system. Refrigeration cycle refrigeration is the transfer of heat from a lower temperature region to a higher temperature region refrigeration cycle is the vaporcompression refrigeration cycle, where the refrigerant is vaporized and condenses alternately and is compressed in the vapor phase. Vapor compression refrigeration cycle, refrigerants, coefficient of performance, capacity, factors affecting refrigeration and air conditioning system performance and savings opportunities.
Back to basics whether youre new to refrigeration or just want to brush up on your basics, the following information may be useful. Hcfcs are comparatively simpler to produce and the three refrigerants 22, 123, and 124 have. Apparatusfigure 1 shows the experimental setup in details. A thermodynamic refrigeration cycle removes heat from a lowtemperature object refrigeration and rejects it at a higher temperature. A bench top unit specifically designed for unsupervised operation. Download ebooks for free from engineering study material site. In this cycle, cooling heat acquisition is achieved with lowpressure evaporation of refrigerant. The unlocked version is printable, but cant be edited, or copied and pasted. The water leaves the evaporator as a saturated vapour at 10 c. The actual refrigeration cycle will be shown as well as evaporator pressure, compressor pressure, and enthalpy h 1, h 2 and h 3 values. The compressor does work on the refrigeration system consumes energy.
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